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Management as a Science


"Managerial concept are universal"
However it totally depend upon managers how they use it!!
Science is a systematic body of knowledge that explains certain general truth or the operation of general laws. The basic features of science are as follow: -

1) Systematized body of knowledge: Science is a systematized body of knowledge contains facts, theories and principles which help to understand the relationship between cause and the effect. This systematized body of knowledge helps to understand past events and to forecast the future. For example law of gravity explains the falling of apple towards the ground.

2) Principles based on experimentation: Scientific principles and fundamental truths are first developed through observation, identification, and experimental investigation under controlled conditions.

3) Universal validity: These scientific principles have universal validity and application which is used to refer to the application of quantitative techniques in solving managerial problems. 

Based on the above feature we can say that management has some characteristics of science.

1) Management has a systematized body of knowledge. It has its own theory and principles that have developed over a period of time. These theories are mainly concerned with society and human behaviors. Like all other organized activity management has its own vocabulary. For e.g. all of discussed football using common terminology. These terminologies are used by all players around the globe to discuss the game. Similarly manager needs to communicate with one another with the help of common terminology for better understanding of their work situation. 

2) The principles of management have evolved over a period of time based on repeated experimentation and observation. However the outcomes of these experiments are not capable of being accurately replicated and predicted. 

3) Since the principles of management have been developed through continuous experimental and empirical veri­fication. These principles are capable of universal application and need to modify according to the given situation. However these principles are also used for training and development of managers. 

Hence a successful manager must not only acquire the knowledge of the science of management but learn to apply this knowledge. Competence in management requires mastery of scientific knowledge as well as practice in the use of knowledge. Management as an art and a science are therefore not mutually exclusive but complement to each other. 

Credits:-
NCERT Delhi , Wikipedia.org,  Managementstudyguide.com,preservearticles.com

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